Legal Reality

"Authorities said Von NotHaus designed the Liberty Dollar currency that were marked with the dollar sign ($); the words dollar, USA, Liberty, Trust in God (instead of In God We Trust); and other features associated with legitimate coins."

From the roguegovernment.com article,

"The coins were marked with the dollar sign, the words [´]dollar,[´] [´]USA,[´] [´]Liberty,[´] [´]Trust in God[´] (instead of [´]In God We Trust[´]) and other features associated with legitimate U.S. coins."

From the gata.org article at goldseek.com,

"Who´s really undermining the currency ... ?" (emphasis added)

The concept of "the currency" (emphasis added) presumes falsely that there is but one "choice of law" in play in America.

There are two. In other words, both foundational "choices of law" are in play in America. These two are (1) the Law of the Land and (2) the Law of the Sea.

B.FDR. (Before FDR)

From the founding of the nation until FDR, both gold and silver Coin were "the currency," save those periods in those locations that circulated ill-fated paper, e.g., the "greenbacks."

FDR basically took gold out of circulation. But, the nation was still operating under a legit Money system, because silver was still very much in general circulation.

B.JFK. (Before JFK´s assassination)

In that time after FDR´s gold confiscation (from safety deposit boxes) and before the assassination of JFK, a period of roughly 30 years, silver still circulated. The motive behind JFK´s assassination was the termination of circulation of all remaining forms of an honest system of weights and measures. Thus, circa 1965, no more silver coins were minted (with an eye toward use in general circulation).

A.UCC (After the UCC)

To change the currency, both national and state law had to be changed. The national law was changed by gutting the definition of the term "dollar." It used to be defined in terms of grains of fine silver. It´s not defined at all now (a circular concept is not a definition). 31 U.S.C. §§ 5101, 5102, 5103, etc.

To change the law at the state level, "they" promulgated the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). That body of statutes covers several areas, by which mechanism the key feature was hidden. "Dollar" is nowhere defined, and "money" is defined to include "federal reserve notes."

By this statutory (political) mechanism, "the other currency" was tolerated, allowed, recognized. By this mechanism, the change in choice of law was made complete.

How can this be?

If the Constitution were admissible evidence of law, then it´d be "difficult," shall we say, to change the Currency to a "funny money" currency. But, there being no Constitution, the change came by way of those in charge of the political issues, namely the elected "legislators."

The "currency" is the best evidence of the system´s foundational choice of law. Under a legit system, i.e., a Law of the Land system, "the currency" would be gold and silver Coin. Thus, where one finds gold and silver Coin in general circulation, the choice of law for that system is the Law of the Land (for matters that accrue relative to the land, as distinguished from matters accruing relative to the water or to the air). Similarly, where one finds "funny money" (paper documents recognized as "currency" under force of law) in general circulation, the choice of law for that system is the Law of the Sea (for all matters, whether they´d accrue relative to the land, the water, or the air). In that system, "the currency" IS "funny money."

The Liberty Dollar litigation is on-going, in that this author fully expects there´ll be an appeal. So, once again, the observations made here will be limited (in terms of clarity of specific identification of the legal issues that steered this case the way it went at trial). The term "terrorist" is stigmatizing, and we´ll see if the prosecutor gets sued for libel for using it (outside the protection of the litigation process). But, let´s take that path momentarily to get a handle on the concept being communicated by its use. Someone (actually a group of very, very, exceedingly, unbelievably rich people) went to a LOT of trouble to change the foundational choice of law for all commerce in America. That change took the combined efforts of national and state legislation. And, all of that legislation was changed, meaning that the "funny money" system was allowed to flourish.

It took the "buying" of a sufficient number of legislators to bring about the change in the first place. It takes a continual "buying" of that same sufficient number to keep that change in place. For this reason, among other reasons, this author has said, and will continue to say, that there are no political solutions. The political system has long since been compromised. The reason it´s still taught is that if "they" can keep "us" thinking that if we´ll do the same thing the same way and yet produce a different result, they´ll remain unfettered in their "take over" plans.

"They" work against us under "choice of law" games, so we must learn those games out of pure self-defense.

Under a legit system, it´d be an act of war, literally, to circulate "funny money." (The original States committed acts of war against themselves by issuing "Bills of Credit." It was that very line of activity that compelled the Founders to call the Philadelphia Convention.) It´d be instantly criminal to run "funny money" were the choice of law was the Law of the Land. So, first the choice of law had to be changed, and then the "currency" could be changed. For that change to work, that alternative "currency" had to be ready the instant the law changed so that commerce wouldn´t come to an instant and fatal halt. To make that change in currency appear seamless, the paper had to be changed to make it appear identical to those using it.

Under the present "funny money" system, there is no association, whatsoever, between the concept, and the symbol, and the term "dollar" and any weight of any metal, whether silver or gold. Someone (actually a group of someones) when to a LOT of trouble to destroy that very definition. Thus, where any of those ideas is associated with a weight, whether measured in silver or gold, that fight (war) is reactivated.

There is NOTHING wrong with minting silver, gold, etc., into coins, bars, etc.

There is NOTHING wrong with denominating the weight of those end products, which would typically be based on troy ounces (or fractions thereof), in terms of the weight.

But, one literally gets into a "war" condition in America (and, for that matter, anywhere one finds "funny money" in general circulation) where one associates any weight, of any material, whether silver, gold, platinum, copper, etc., with the unit of exchange, i.e., "dollar."

From the political point of view, even the association of a weight with the term "dollar" MIGHT have been possible to overlook, because the volume was so small. But, when a particular anti-FED politician´s likeness was embossed on one side of those coins, the feds were compelled to act and to act swiftly. They acted.

Even still, the defendant can´t be compelled to agree to choice of law. Once that factor in the case against him was not objected to, the case against him was made, and what we see in the conviction is the confirmation of that fact. (This author expects the conviction to be upheld on appeal.) The instant the "place" called "this state" was the agreed-to provider of the choice of law, the fate of the defendants was substantially sealed.

This author relies on "silver rounds" on a very regular basis. What you´ll note is that the traditional silver rounds make absolutely, positively no mention, whatsoever, of the concept, term, or "symbol" of "dollar." Those mints could produce coins, bars, rings, ear rings, necklaces, watch bands, etc., with their favorite political figures embossed on them until the cows come home.

"Dollar," as used in "this state," cannot be defined. It must remain undefined, or else the entirety of the "new world order" (and it financing mechanism) would be defeated.

No one is compelled to trade in "this state." "Dollar" HAS a definition in terms of grains of fine silver, outside of "this state," but not in "this state."

Tragic, and extremely expensive, learning going on right now. We dishonor von Nothaus´ effort if we don´t do a complete and competent failure analysis of his case.

It´s a horrific term, "terrorist," for there is no violence involved, whatsoever. We can hope the prosecutor gets sued for using that term in reference to von Nothaus. However, keep in mind that the "war" angle suggested by the use of that term is perhaps the single-most significant concept to understand from that case. There IS a war going on, and it has EVERYTHING to do with "choice of law."

"Funny money´ systems declare, by allowing circulation of "funny money," that the foundational choice of law for that system is the Law of the Sea. "The currency" for a Law of the Sea system (where the Law of the Land should apply and doesn´t) IS "funny money."

Legit Money systems, which tolerate nothing but an honest system of weights and measures as Currency, declare, by allowing nothing but an honest system of weights and measures to circulate as Currency, that the foundational choice of law for that system is the Law of the Land. "The Currency" for a Law of the Land system is typically gold and silver Coin.

Thus, yes, "the currency" has changed, but it´s not "the currency" that has changed. "The currency" is the best evidence of what actually has been changed. It´s the foundational choice of law for the entire system that has changed. The evidence of that change in choice of law is "the currency."

The two currencies are, literally, at war against each other.

It´s not the return to a gold standard that will fix anything. It´s the statutory definition of the term "dollar" that will fix the problem. But, "dollar" can´t/won´t be defined legitimately until sometime after we put and keep an honest system of weights and measures in general circulation. To make "funny money" illegal without having a ready supply of legal currency is to shut down the marketplace, which is why "we´ll" never legislate "the fed" out of existence (at least not until Money is back in regular circulation). The only people in America in a position to get and keep Money back in general circulation are the Mom and Pop shops. The big boys are fatally addicted to "funny money." (They preserve their assets by shipping them overseas during the transition from "funny money" back to Money.)

What von Nothaus has correctly in mind is the need to get back into the practice of using an honest system of weights and measures. We do well to continue along that line. His version would very likely still be "out there" but for the act, in "this state," of the association of a "weight" with the concept of "dollar."

We don´t need "dollars" in circulation. We need Money in circulation. Money can come in the weight of a "dollar," or it can come in the weight of a "troy ounce," etc. Until Money is back in general circulation, it´s FAR better to forget we ever heard the term "dollar" and to work exclusively in terms of "troy ounces." There´s no question which "choice of law" is referred to where the transaction is based on "troy ounces."

Harmon L. Taylor
Legal Reality
Dallas, Texas

Subscribe / unsubscribe : legal_reality@earthlink.net

See also,

Why all the despair over the Liberty Dollar case?

What is the definition of "dollar?"

Feds seek $7M in privately made ´Liberty Dollars´

...as received from Larry Becraft

Here is a AUSA commenting on the NORFED conviction:

"Attempts to undermine the legitimate currency of this country are simply a unique form of domestic terrorism," U.S. Attorney Anne Tompkins said. "While these forms of anti-government activities do not involve violence, they are every bit as insidious and represent a clear and present danger to the economic stability of this country."

See: Liberty Dollar creator convicted in federal court

Here is one of the first cases where the Supremes described the power of Congress regarding counterfeiting:

United States v. Marigold, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 560, 567-68 (1850): "They appertain rather to the execution of an important trust invested by the Constitution, and to the obligation to fulfill that trust on the part of the government, namely, the trust and the duty of creating and maintaining a uniform and pure metallic standard of value throughout the Union. The power of coining money and of regulating its value was delegated to Congress by the Constitution for the very purpose, as assigned by the framers of that instrument, of creating and preserving the uniformity and purity of such standard of value * * *

"If the medium which the government was authorized to create and establish could immediately be expelled, and substituted by one it had neither created, estimated, nor authorized - one possessing no intrinsic value - then the power conferred by the Constitution would be useless - wholly fruitless of every end it was designed to accomplish. Whatever functions Congress are, by the Constitution, authorized to perform, they are, when the public good requires it, bound to perform; and on this principle, having emitted a circulating medium, a standard of value indispensable for the purposes of the community, and for the action of the government itself, they are accordingly authorized and bound in duty to prevent its debasement and expulsion, and the destruction of the general confidence and convenience, by the influx and substitution of a spurious coin in lieu of the constitutional currency."

Let me see if I can understand this argument of the AUSA. The Fed counterfeits currency, and Bernard was following the dictates of Marigold. The counterfeiters accused those not engaged in counterfeiting of counterfeiting. Do I discern these facts correctly?

Larry

Lagniappe:

Guest Post: Thoughts On The Liberty Dollar Debacle

Edwin Vieira, JR. "A CROSS OF GOLD"

NOTICE: Harmon L. Taylor, Larry Becraft, Edwin Vieira, and other presented entities are not affiliated with Freedom School.

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Legal Reality

Liberty Dollar case -- a few thoughts

Overview

Organization´s site

FBI Raid

Liberty Dollar´s request for injunction against feds

Indictment

Pre-trial and Trial

Conviction

This Author´s Observations

B.FDR. (Before FDR)

B.JFK. (Before JFK´s assassination)

A.UCC (After the UCC)